Anemia Hemolitik Autoimun: Patofisiologi, Diagnosis, Tatalaksana, dan Prognosis

Rizqi Al Kasiron, Diajeng Aesya Mutiara Firdausy, Ima Arum Lestarini

Abstract


Anemia hemolitik autoimun (autoimmune hemolytic anemia = AIHA) merupakan anemia yang jarang terjadi. Kelainan ini disebabkan oleh autoantibodi yang menyerang eritrosit sehingga terjadi pengahncuran dini dari eritrosit yang telah dibuat oleh sumsum tulang. Menurut literatur yang ada, terdapat beberapa jenis AIHA berdasarkan etiologinya, yaitu Warm AIHA, Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD), Paroxymal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH), mixed type AIHA, dan Drug Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia (DIIHA). Pendekatan diagnosis yang dapat dilakukan meliputi pemeriksaan laboratorium darah lengkap, pemeriksaan darah tepi, dan Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT). Dengan ditegakkannya diagnosis, maka pengobatan dapat ditujukan secara lebih spesifik baik pada warm, mixed, maupun cold AIHA sehingga dapat meminimalisir kejadian dan komplikasi dari penyakit tersebut yang dilakukan.


Keywords


anemia hemolitik autoimun

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47506/jpri.v8i2.307

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